Brain development and lifelong learning

A child's brain develops so rapidly in their first years, it's almost impossible for us to imagine. By age five, about 90% of our brains are developed. Our children's brains are much more open to learning influences than when we are adults. But they are also more vulnerable and will be more greatly affected by negative experiences or a lack of quality early learning opportunities. Every day, every moment, becomes an opportunity for a child to learn, an opportunity to set a child on the path of future success in school and in life.

A child's early experiences (both positive and negative) can actually affect the structure of the brain! In addition to a child's health and nutrition, every experience--whether it is seeing one's first rainbow, riding a bicycle, reading a book, sharing a joke--"turns on" certain neural circuits and leaves others inactive. Those that are consistently turned on over time will be strengthened, while those that are rarely excited be drop away.

Poor nutrition, abuse and neglect can have devastating effects on a child's brain development. According to Dr. Bruce Perry, a neurobiologist and authority on braindevelopment and children in crisis, “The
systems in the human brain that allow us to form and maintain emotional relationships develop during infancy and the first years of life…With severe emotional neglect in early childhood the impact can be devastating.” (Prevent Child Abuse and Neglect in Pennsylvania: A Report on In-Home Parent Coaching
Fight Crime: Invest in Kids Pennsylvania, 2006)

visit Zero to Three's Brain Development page for a wealth of information on how a child's brain develops (including an interactive "brain quiz") and why quality early learning opportunities are so important.

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